Understanding UTIs in Kids: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment

 

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) in kids are more common than many parents realise. While UTIs are often associated with adults, children — even infants — can develop these infections. Catching the signs early and seeking treatment quickly is key to preventing complications and ensuring a fast recovery.

In this blog, we’ll break down the causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment options for UTIs in children, including how to access help through a telehealth appointment or online doctor consultation.

What Is a UTI in Children?

A UTI is an infection in any part of the urinary system, including the bladder, urethra, or kidneys. In children, bladder infections (cystitis) are most common. Left untreated, UTIs can spread to the kidneys and cause more serious health issues.

What Causes UTIs in Kids?

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) in children can be triggered by a variety of factors — some related to daily habits, and others to the child's anatomy or health history. Here's a closer look at what could be increasing your child's risk:

  • Poor toilet hygiene – One of the most common causes, especially in younger kids learning to wipe themselves. Wiping from back to front can introduce bacteria from the stool into the urethra, where it can travel to the bladder and cause infection.
  • Holding in urine – Some children delay using the toilet, whether due to distraction or discomfort at school. This can cause bacteria to build up in the urinary tract, leading to infection.
  • Constipation – A full bowel can press on the bladder, affecting its ability to empty completely. When urine stays in the bladder too long, it gives bacteria a chance to multiply.
  • Wearing diapers too long – For infants and toddlers, prolonged diaper use without regular changes can create a warm, moist environment where bacteria thrive, increasing the risk of UTIs.
  • Structural abnormalities – Some children are born with physical differences in their urinary tract that make them more prone to infection. These are usually detected early through medical investigations if UTIs become recurrent.
  • History of UTIs – Children who’ve had one or more UTIs in the past are more likely to experience them again, especially if the underlying cause hasn’t been addressed.

It’s also worth noting that girls are more likely to get UTIs than boys, simply because their urethra is shorter. This makes it easier for bacteria to enter the urinary tract.

If you suspect any of these risk factors may apply to your child, consider speaking with a telehealth doctor or online GP for advice. Early action can help prevent further issues and ensure your child stays comfortable and healthy.

Common Symptoms of UTIs in Children

UTI symptoms can vary depending on the child’s age — and unfortunately, babies and toddlers often can't tell you what they’re feeling. That’s why it’s essential to recognise the subtle warning signs.

In babies and toddlers, watch for:

  • Unexplained fever – A sudden fever without other obvious causes could be a sign of a hidden infection, including a UTI.
  • Irritability or fussiness – If your baby seems more unsettled than usual, especially during or after urination, it might indicate discomfort.
  • Vomiting – In some cases, UTIs can cause nausea or vomiting in infants.
  • Poor feeding – A reduced appetite may be linked to feeling unwell from an infection.
  • Strong-smelling urine – Foul-smelling or cloudy urine is a common red flag.
  • Nappy rash – While often caused by irritation, it can sometimes be a clue when seen alongside other symptoms.

In older children, common symptoms include:

  • Burning or stinging when peeing – This is one of the most classic signs of a UTI and is usually the first thing older kids mention.
  • Needing to urinate often – Especially if they feel like they can’t fully empty their bladder.
  • Bedwetting or accidents – If a child who was previously toilet-trained starts having accidents again, it could be a sign of an infection.
  • Pain in the lower belly – Abdominal discomfort, especially near the bladder area, is common.
  • Cloudy or bloody urine – This might be visible or noticed during a urine test.
  • Fatigue or feeling generally unwell – UTIs can make kids feel drained or out of sorts even if they don’t have classic urinary symptoms.

If your child displays any of these signs, it’s important to book a doctor appointment or schedule a telehealth consultation with an online GP. They may recommend a urine test and, if needed, can issue an eScript (online prescription) for antibiotics and even a doctor's certificate if your child needs to stay home from school.

How Are UTIs Diagnosed in Children?

A healthcare provider may request a urine test to confirm the presence of an infection. In babies, urine may be collected using a catheter or urine bag. Older children can provide a clean-catch sample.

With today’s access to online doctors and telehealth services, parents can often start the consultation process virtually. If needed, the online doctor can refer you for testing or treatment.

Treatment Options for UTIs in Kids

Most UTIs are treated with a short course of antibiotics. Your child should start to feel better within 24–48 hours of beginning treatment.

You can receive an online prescription (eScript) through a telehealth appointment or instant consult with a licensed Australian GP. This helps you avoid long clinic wait times and get faster treatment for your child.

In some cases, you may also need a GP medical certificate if your child needs time off school or daycare.

How Can I Get UTI Treatment Online for My Child?

At Hola Health, our telehealth doctors offer fast, on-demand care across Australia. You can:

  • Speak with an online GP
  • Get a doctor’s certificate online
  • Access online prescriptions
  • Receive medical guidance from home — ideal for sick kids

All it takes is a few clicks to book a telehealth doctor appointment, and you’ll be connected to a qualified, AHPRA-registered GP in minutes.

Final Thoughts

If your child shows any symptoms of a UTI, don’t wait it out. Early intervention helps prevent complications and reduces your child’s discomfort. Whether you need a doctors note, online prescription, or GP access after hours, you can find the care you need with an online doctor.

With modern telehealth, managing UTIs in kids has never been easier or more convenient.

 

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